Australian, Perth Water Supply Crisis

The grim consequences of global warming are now with us here. An apocalyptic report pointed to a severe water supply shortage in Australia with a highly unpredictable rain pattern. The projection is coupled with a 3-7 years timescale for actual statistical measures on the rain patterns and climate change across Australia. According to the article, Australia’s Water Crisis (1), a grim picture is painted about Australian water status â€Å"The reality is that nation’s water resources are limited in both quantity and quality.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Australian, Perth Water Supply Crisis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Australia uses about 24 million megalitres of water annually. Each Australian uses 1,224,000 cubic metres of water a year.† The report observes that several unfavorable adverse effects and scenarios are bound to unfold following the critical incidents of water shortages in the country. Among the undesirable consequences include social and economic impacts on a large scale. According to the chart illustrated below, the nation will experience falling crop yields in many areas adversely impacting both developed and developing regions of the country. In addition to that, rising water shortages will create a scenario by impacting adversely, driving some animal species to extinction in addition to rising fires in many parts of the country. Source: Australia’s Water Crisis The rising trend in water usage on a global scale does not leave Australia behind. Australian cities have over time faced dwindling water levels. The article Australia’s Water Crisis (1) brings to light the grim effects of the dwindling water resources within the city of Sydney. The report asserts that a 41% drop in water levels has been witnessed while demand for the same commodity experienced an upward trend, in the range of 1614 megalitres of water (Australia’s Wa ter Crisis 1). Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Source: Australia’s Water Crisis Source: Australia’s Water Crisis Statistics indicate that the crisis is developing and if no interventional measures are put in place, the situation will consequently spiral out of control. The situation is aggravated further by irresponsible usage of water in the domestic industry among other sectors. According to the article Australia’s Water Crisis (1), irresponsible domestic use of water among the communities accounts for a 0.5 % continuous drop in water levels and the situation does not seem to improve. The article Australia’s Water Crisis (1) reports that measurers put in place to help curb irresponsible use of water and impose restrictions seem to yield very little. The statistical evidence adduced above illustrates the distribution of water usage in various sectors where the domestic sector takes the largest share of 54%. This is followed by flats and units taking 17%, industrial usage taking 11%, commercial usage taking 10%, Government and Institutional use taking 5%, and others taking 3%. These results are bound to change due to increasing demands over time with rising population and other needs coupled with the adverse effects of climate change. Australian water ports are not left behind in the trend. Reducing water level makes it difficulty for ships to Perth at various ports in the country ports limiting the number and tonnage of ships calling at any port. This could adversely impact on commercial services in the transportation of goods from one destination to another.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Australian, Perth Water Supply Crisis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This could consequently jeopardize the Nation’s income from shipping and other mari time activities in addition to jeopardizing job opportunities in the shipping industry. Radical measures have to be laid down to comprehensively deal with the emerging scenario. Hatton (1) asserts that the need to put comprehensive water reforms due to prolonged droughts which have been observed over the years, unpredictable rain patterns, and falling water levels in the country and its sea ports, based on scientific evidence is wanting. The country is known to sit on a water basin that contains millions of liters of water which could be mined for domestic and industrial use. In addition to that Hatton (1) describes comprehensive plans by the Australian government to tap on its water resources. â€Å"The most prominent example of science engaging with our water challenge is the recent Murray–Darling Basin Sustainable Yields Project (MDBSY), arising from the emergency Water Summit on 6 November 2006† (Hatton 1). This illustrates the comprehensive nature and importance a ttached to the project. According to Hatton (1) â€Å"The work dynamically links groundwater balances with surface water availability, calculating flows through and between the system’s rivers, and groundwater/surface water interactions under current water-sharing arrangements, before estimating the water available under each future scenario.† Informed decisions have been made on these technological approaches to water mining. â€Å"The new Murray–Darling Basin Authority now has a more complete and agreed platform on which to base its planning, including the new sustainable diversion limit† Hatton (1). These strategic plans will help avert a social crisis in the dimension damaging consequences. In addition to that, a comprehensive report on the country’s water systems including sea ports and other water resources including water ways have to be evaluated and a strategic plan designed fro future water developments. References Conlon, Christine, Aust ralia’s Water Crisis. Nov.2006. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hatton, Tom. Science providing a sound basis for water decisions.13 Jan. 2009. 10 May 2010. https://www.sciencealert.com/opinions/20091301-18673.html This essay on Australian, Perth Water Supply Crisis was written and submitted by user Brice Dixon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

SAT Literature Subject Test Information

SAT Literature Subject Test Information    When some people hear the word, Literature, they cringe out of habit. Literature makes things like movies, magazines, books and plays – stuff you actually want to enjoy – seem stuffy or out of date. But, if youll remember that the term is just a fancy way of saying, entertainment it wont be so daunting when its time to be tested on something like the SAT Literature Subject Test. Note: The SAT Literature Subject Test is not part of the SAT Reasoning Test, the popular college admissions exam. Its one of the many SAT Subject Tests, which are also offered by the College Board. SAT Literature Subject Test Basics So, what should you expect when you register for this SAT Subject Test? Here are the basics: 60 minutes60 multiple-choice questions based on 6 to 8 different literary passages200-800 points possible SAT Literature Subject Test Passages The SAT Literature Subject Test is very narrow in its scope. Remember, this is a Literature test, not a reading test, which is quite different. You will not be reading nonfiction like excerpts from memoirs, passages from biographies or samples from textbook. Nope! These six to eight passages of literature excerpts will look like this: The Genres: Approximately 3-4 of the passages will be prose (excerpts from novels, short stories, and essays).Approximately 3-4 of the passages will be poetry (either complete or shortened if the poem is long).Approximately 0-1 of the passages could be drama or other forms of literature (legends, fables, myths, etc.). The Sources: Approximately 3-4 of the passages will come from American Literature.Approximately 3-4 of the passages will come from British Literature.Approximately 0-1 of the passages could come from literature from other countries. (Indian, Caribbean, and Canadian excerpts have been used in the past.) The Age of the Passages: 30% of the passages will come from the Renaissance or 17th century.30% of the passages will come from the 18th or 19th century.40% of the passages will come from the 20th century. SAT Literature Subject Test Skills Since this is a Literature test, and not merely your average reading exam, youll be required to do a lot of analytical thinking about the passages youre reading. Youll also be expected to understand the basics about literature, itself. Heres what you should brush up on: Common Literary and Poetic TermsNarrators and Authors ToneMeaning and Vocabulary in Context Word Choice, Imagery, MetaphorThemeCharacterizationBasic Plot Structures Why Take the SAT Literature Subject Test? In some cases, it wont be a matter of choice; youll have to take the SAT Literature Subject Test based on the requirements of the program in which youre choosing to apply. You must check with your programs requirements to see if youre one of the lucky applicants that must sit for the test. If a particular program doesnt require the test, then some people choose to take the exam to show off their skills if theyre masters in Literature. It can really give your application score a boost if your SAT Lit score is through the roof. How to Prepare for the SAT Literature Subject Test Mostly, if youve done really well in your 3-4 years of Literature-based classes in high school, love to read outside of class, and can usually understand and analyze whats going on in various literary passages, you should do just fine on this exam. For those of you who have to take the test and Literature isnt your strongest suit, then Id definitely recommend hitting up your English teacher for some extra assignments to help you get better at analyzing the material. Good Luck!

Kayte Clark (case) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kayte Clark ( ) - Case Study Example To successfully bring a case of discrimination against her employer under ADEA, there are certain things that Kayte Clarke must prove. In the case of Palasota v Haggar Clothing Co., 342 F.3d 569 (5th Cir. 2003), the Court outlined what the plaintiff must prove to show that indeed there was discrimination that is actionable under ADEA. Citing the earlier case of Bodenheimer v PPG Indus., Inc., 5 F.3d 955, 957 (5th Cir. 1993), the Court enumerated the following: the plaintiff was discharged; he was qualified for the position; he belongs to the protected class at the time of the termination; the employer did any of the following to him (a) replaced him with another who is not within the protected class, or (b) replaced him with a younger person, or (c) simply discharged on account of his age. Applying the aforesaid in Kayte’s case, she must provide proof that she is 40 years old or above at the time of her termination and therefore within the protected class under s. 631(a) of th e 29 USC Chapter 14 (or ADEA), proof of her termination and her qualifications to the position and the fact that she was discharged on account of her age. Moreover, ADEA requires that the employer must have at least 20 employees to bring the case within its ambit under s. 630(b). An act of employment discrimination may be proved either directly or indirectly. Indirect proof is conducted using the â€Å"pretext† method prescribed in the case of McDonnell Douglas Corp. v Green, 411 US 792 (1973). In that case, which involves discrimination under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Court held that prima facie evidence from which it can be inferred that there was discrimination may be offered in lieu of direct proof. The employer is then given an opportunity to rebut it with contrary evidence, to which the plaintiff must counter-prove as a mere â€Å"pretext,† because the real reason was actually discrimination-based. On the other hand, if Kayte is to bring a suit under the ADA, she must prove the threshold requirements of the law, which are: she has a disability within the ADA context; she is a qualified individual under ADA, and; she has suffered an adverse employment action because of such disability (Huber 267). Section 12102(1) of Title 42 of the USC (known as ADA) defines disability as: physical or mental impairment significant enough to interfere with major life activities; is recorded, and; seen or regarded by others as such. Legal blindness is defined by the American Medical Association as an eye condition in which a person can see details only at a distance of 20 feet or less using the best conventional correction as opposed to the normal 200 feet vision reach of persons with 20/20 vision or can detect objects only at a field of 20 ° degrees or less (Corn & Koenig 6). In the case of Sutton v United Airlines 527 US 471 (1999), the Court ruled that a person who is legally blind, but whose vision impairment is correctable, is not disabled under the ADA. Under the ADA Amendments Act of 2008, the mitigating factor established in Sutton and similar cases was specifically rejected under s. b(2) thereof, but not the use of eyeglasses or contacts that â€Å"correct visual acuity or eliminate refractive error† which is now incorporated as s 12102(4)(E)(ii) and (iii)(I) of ADA. The implication of this is that Kayte may not qualify if her vision impairment is correctable by eyeglasses or contacts, but may qualify if instead of eyeglasses and contacts, the impairment is cor

Primary Source Anaylses Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Primary Source Anaylses - Research Paper Example Psychoanalysis is the field of psychology that is attributed to Sigmund Freud for its development. The basic concepts of psychoanalysis are centered around interpretation and observation, with the interpretation of dreams being one core principle of the methodology.2 In his work â€Å"The interpretation of dreams†, Freud relates the foundation of his principles and beliefs in the interpretation of dreams as they are a core factor in understanding the psychological behaviors and reactions of a patient. Written in the year 1900, the work is an example of the direction of psychology as it moved forward as a scientific pursuit. The concept of analyzing a patient to find causality was an important theory in moving the scientific research of psychology forward. Freud uses himself as an example in order to make his points about the importance of dreams. He uses the example of eating salty foods late at night in order to promote a thirst, which he says is always preceded by a dream of this type of content.3 Freud uses himself liberally throughout the work in order to establish this foundation. In order to define his concept of wish fulfillment and the function that dreams have in providing this revelation about the often hidden desires of a man or a woman, he suggests that fulfillment does not always suggest just something that is wanted, but that it might reflect fear, a reflex or even a reproduced memory.4 The intention of the work that Freud does in writing â€Å"The interpretation of dreams† is to create a field of psychological study that is centered on dreaming. He establishes dreams as valid objects of study rather than a presumption of either supernatural flight of the mind or of frivolous thoughts that might have preoccupied traditional thought before this time.5 The intention of Freud to relate his field of study to a defined psychology means of research is relevant to the

Diverse Backgrounds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Diverse Backgrounds - Essay Example y which happens to be the same fascination of the other then there would be an ample chance for both parties to meet and play often and further get to know one another. It would also aid to consider funding an event which raises social awareness where every participant, regardless of background, is granted the opportunity to express views in exchange of the opinions made by the counterparts. This may spark not only a sense of high curiosity but also a profound desire to share personal stories which are relevant to the theme of the occasion. At workplace, diversity of backgrounds among employees may be in terms of socio-economic status so colleagues are likely to necessitate seeking to discern each other by joining an activity that is commonly engaged to by the majority. Recreational facilities, in this case, would then largely matter since a fixed spot within a company is conducive for conferences on a regular basis. Teambuilding events can be designed in such a way as to unravel the values of each member and determine how each person’s response with attitude and creativity is able to impart relevant learning for the team. Acquiring knowledge about the strengths and weaknesses of a teammate in the process leads to better understanding and forming of trust and companionship so that indifferences brought by the issue of diversity are gradually

The Impact Of Political Legal Environment On Business Marketing Essay

The Impact Of Political Legal Environment On Business Marketing Essay The political and administrative system in a country dictates policies formulation its implementation and control of business. Whenever there is a change in the political scenario of a country, there will be a change in economic policies. This is due to the fact that each and every political party does some promises with the people in their election manifesto. Business activities of a country are affected by the policies and directions, shelters and control exercised by the prevailing political system. The political environment of a country is influenced by the political organizations such as philosophy of political parties, ideology of government or party in power, nature and extent of bureaucracy influence of primary groups etc. political stability in the country, foreign policy, defence and military policy, image of the country and its leaders in and outside the country. The political environment of the country influences the business to a great extent The legal environment refers to the principles, rules and regulations established by the government and applicable to people. These regulations come through various legislations. The government has passed and enacted various Acts. Now due to globalization of economy, it became necessary to make changes in these Acts. Economic environment refers to the aggregate of the nature of economic system of the country, the structural anatomy of the economy to economic policies of the government the organization of the capital market, the nature of factor endowment, business cycles, the socio-economic infrastructure etc. The successful businessman visualizes the external factors affecting the business, anticipating the prospective market situations and makes suitable to get the maximum with minimize cost. IMF TALKS ON TRACK Minister of Finance and Planning Dr Peter Phillips moved yesterday to assure nervous Jamaicans and jittery international markets that a new International Monetary Fund (IMF) pact was on track for December. There is a delay in an agreement with the Fund. There is no negotiating, Phillip told the House of Representatives. There is no sticking point on which ourselves and them (IMF) have a divergence of any fundamental views. SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT The social dimension or environment of a nation determines the value system of the society which, in turn affects the functioning of the business. Sociological factors such as costs structure, customs and conventions, cultural heritage, view toward wealth and income and scientific methods, respect for seniority, mobility of labor have far-reaching impact on the business. These factors determine the work culture and mobility of labor, work groups etc. Guinness To Give $6.5 Million In Social Outreach Grants Ten Jamaican projects will today be presented with cash grants totalling $6.5 million by the Arthur Guinness Fund as part of its social outreach programme. The top three recipients will get $1 million each while the remaining awardees will each receive half a million dollars. Jamaicans have always been entrepreneurial and helpful. Thats why Guinness sought 10 social entrepreneurs who embody this ideal and who are committed to making positive changes in their communities, said Guinness brand manager Racquel Nevins. TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT The business in a country is greatly influenced by the technological development. The technology adopted by the industries determines the type and quality of goods and services to be produced and the type and quality of plant and equipment to be used. Technological environment influences the business in terms of investment in technology, consistent application of technology and the effects of technology on markets Technological and competitive environment Lessons from the LIME-Digicel war The social planner desires for the public to enjoy the maximum surplus from participating in any market. In a market economy, however, suppliers have the discretion of selecting the quality and price of their goods and services. The dilemma faced by the social planner is how to direct economic activity such that merchants choose to supply high-quality goods at the most affordable prices. Many are describing the latest developments in the telecoms sector as the beginning of a price war. While this description may be apt, it would be more instructive to appreciate what is unfolding as potent, demonstrable evidence of the importance of opportunity and incentives in social engineering. On June 15, telecoms provider LIME introduced its Talk EZ Plan. Under this optional plan, prepaid mobile subscribers complete calls to subscribers on LIMEs mobile network for $2.99 per minute and to subscribers on Digicels mobile network for $6.99 per minute (pro-rated per second used). This demonstrates that for consumers to benefit from participating in any market, suppliers must be given both the opportunity and incentives to offer high-quality services at the most affordable prices. THE BUSINESS PLAN Mission Statement A published document that details the agreed common aims of a business so that managers and staff may work with a shared sense of purpose. It is also a statement of the businesss core aims, phrased in a way to motivate employees and to stimulate the interest by outside groups. The gain in sports can improve the economy in a very positive way. Hence, a mission statement is formulated. To promote the wellbeing of each athlete that represents the country of Jamaica and ensuring that their attitudes and behaviour is accepted globally, to transfer the gains of the sports to enhance the countrys; image by donating to charity and sponsoring events, making it easy for them in the outside world and the potential to be an example for other country. We also provide products and services that foster and enables growth and development. OBJECTIVES The targets or outcomes that a business will attempt to achieve are its objectives. Overall corporate objectives might include survival, profit market share and growth. The most effective business objectives meet the following criteria: S- Specific objectives of what the business does M- Measurable the business can put value on the objectives A-agreed by all those concern in trying to achieve objectives R-realistic the objective should be challenging but also achievable by the resources T- time/specific time bound they have a limited when the objectives should achieve The gains in the sports have also makes objectives for which to be followed to improve the countrys business and economy. The maximizing of profits- the business will ensure that 50% of the gains will be towards the economy/government to improve infrastures and increases the standard of living of the country. Each major Olympics to increase the gains by 5% every 4 years All athletes have agreed upon the major objectives in the firm and takes it with deep pride and joy to achieve it as successful as possible STRATEGIES Maintain good customer relationship Promote communication to allow the public to be aware of the project that we are undertaking To maintain sponsorship to charities and other Non-Profitably Organisation Promote goods and services to foster growth and development TACTICS Employ a professional receptionist in the organisation so that customer service business will be effective Advertise in the newspaper, television and other means of publication so that the public can be well aware of the various happenings Employ a sales and marketing manager to gather information on the different charity events taking place and the need for sponsorship in the country Production manager is mandatory to ensure that goods and services are provides at the best quality. MILESTONES On the 29 of September a church ceremony was kept to start off the organisation activities On the 1st of October 2012 Sheikhina Reynolds was employed as the new Receptionist in the Firm. Her main duty is to ensure that good customer service is provided at all times. Hence, been effective and efficient while on her job. On the 5th of October the promotion and advertising was done. This was in aid for the public to be aware of the events and the good and services. On the 10th of October sick a meeting was attended to confirm the Charity Events to be sponsored On the 12th a Health Care Fair was kept for the community members. On the 15th of October a donation was made to the government DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES The Divine Purpose, awesome and unimaginable, creates and sustains the universe. We cannot know that Purpose in the way we know other things. The Purpose cannot be formulated in words, because it abides beyond words, beyond images, beyond our minds, beyond knowing in the ordinary sense. If we could know the Divine Purpose, we would know God; indeed we may rightly consider God to be that Purpose itself. Although we cannot know the Unconditioned Purpose, we may participate in it more or less consciously, more or less intentionally. The Sacred Purpose communicates itself to all of us through our intuition of the rightness of a course of action. Faced with a choice, we have an opportunity to do the right thing, to be responsible. Thus, by following our conscience, we enter into a partnership with the Great Purpose. We can follow our sense of appropriateness, rightness, and opportunity to pursue the spiritual path, to serve others, to serve the future. MONITORING AND EVALUATING TECHNIQUES Evaluation is a way of reflecting what is being done in the organization. These were the methods used: Interview Questionnaire Observation Discussion Survey Analysis of records and data MARKETING OBJECTIVES Marketing objectives define what you want to accomplish through your marketing activities. There are several important factors to consider when establishing effective marketing objectives. SMART Approach = Setting specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time specific objectives When setting objectives it is very important to ensure that your objectives are; specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time specific, or SMART for short. The SMART approach allows you to effectively manage your marketing activities and importantly be able to determine how successful they have been and whether they have delivered the particular benefits sought. MARKETING STRATEGIES The role of the customer in the firms marketing planning? Marketing planning consist of coming up with marketing strategies that will help an organisation to accomplish its marketing objectives. Customers play a vital role in an organizations marketing planning, as they are the core purpose of the firms marketing plans. Marketing process Marketing process is the process of analyzing marketing opportunities, selecting target markets, developing the market mix and managing the marketing effort. The purpose of marketing process is to increase profit, customer value and satisfaction in an organisation. Brand equity Brand equity consists of a firms brand power, its value, recognition, strength and reputation of the brand compared to its competitors. Brand equity is important, because it increase sales and popularity of a company. Brand positioning Brand positioning is the process by which marketers create an image in their target consumers mind of the firms product or service, compared to their competitors. Brand unique selling proposition A brands unique selling proposition (USP) is the qualities of a product or service that makes it unique and different from its competitors.USP give the product a competitive advantage from its competitors. COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVES Communication Objectives are important because they serve as a bench mark in. Planning and decision making While in decision making process communication objectives plays an important role , i.e. how to develop a campaign/media mix selection /and allocating budget to diff. elements Measuring results The success and failure are relative to the objectives u have defined. Good objective are those which are measurable. Communication-based objectives. Sometimes marketers recognize that the prime role of IMC is to communicate and planning should be based on communication objectives. Specific objectives may be to: Increase the % of consumers in the TM who associate some benefit or advantage with our brand Increase the number of TA who prefer our brand over competitors Encourage the current user to use more frequently. COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES Communication strategies are common in the business world, where they are used as part of a business plan, detailing how to communicate with various groups of people. A single business may have multiple strategies for different categories of people, such as clients, investors, competitors, or employees. Some companies even have an internal communication strategy for communicating within the business itself. These strategies are used to determine things like what information to share with the clients or investors, as well as how that information should be presented. FINANCING Finance is the study of how investors allocate their assets over time under conditions of certainty and uncertainty. A key point in finance, which affects decisions, is the time value of money, which states that a unit of currency today is worth more than the same unit of currency tomorrow. Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level, and expected rate of return. Means of Finance can be: Personal Savings Loans from the Bank Close Family Members Other Lending Agencies INCOME PLAN YEAR 1 YEAR 2 Sales 123436 Sales 128347 Less Return Inwards 6578 Less Return Inwards 6500 Less Cost of Sales Less Cost of Sales Opening Stock 12000 Opening Stock 9760 Add Purchases 10580 Add Purchases 11220 Less Closing Stock 9760 Less Closing Stock 7564

War is Kind by Stephanie Peace and Wilfred Owen’s Anthem for Doomed Youth :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

War is Kind by Stephanie Peace and Wilfred Owen’s Anthem for Doomed Youth War and peace, another saga in the on going battle of good versus evil. Ironically though, war (evil) is created in the process of pursuing peace (good.) The world today believes that peace is freedom, the right to live, and a harmony between all. Certain places or people do not agree with this though, so the â€Å"good† must go in and conquer the â€Å"evil† in order to create peace. Where as Claude McKay would agree with me that war serves to create peace, Wilfred Owen would more than likely say that war does nothing but bring death. War is not pretty, as decorated as it may be, but it does have a purpose. Without fighting, without battles, without war, our nation would not be what it is today. We had to fight for our freedom and our pursuit of happiness. Once we obtained this, we then had to fight to keep it from the Nazi’s, from the Japanese, and even Russians. In McKay’s â€Å"America†, he compares our nation to a tiger who’s tooth sinks into his throat. He is saying that America is strong and fierce, and that blood must be spilled in order to â€Å"stand with in her walls with not a shred/ Of terror, malice, not a word of jeer† (725 9-10). If America wasn’t this tiger, if America didn’t fight for what those with in her believe is right, then the people with in her would live in fear and terror of being attacked themselves. This is why we must fight, so that we can keep our peace. While war may keep our peace, there are people who sacrifice themselves during battle who will never get a chance to see it. This is how Wilfred Owen views war in â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth.† Instead of those who fight in battle being surrounded by peace, they only hear the â€Å"monstrous anger of the guns† and only see â€Å"[candles] Shall shine the holy glimmers of good-byes† (731 2, 11). No, for those who fight in war there is no peace, only death. Only decay. This is all those who fight see and hear; this is what loses in around them. To those who fight in war, there is no winning. To those who fight in war, there is no victory. No, instead there is only the â€Å"pallor of girls’ brows†, only tears and sorrow (732 11).

Organizational Change Plan Essay

Falls are a common cause of morbidity and the leading cause of nonfatal injuries and trauma-related hospitalizations in the United States (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Falls can occur in home and as well as in any health care facility. In hospitals, falls consistently make up the largest single category of reported incidents, with most falls occurring as a result of medication related issues, toileting, and hospital environment conditions. With falls accounting for the leading cause of injuries in hospital, it is imperative that environment safety and fall prevention is addressed in facilities. This change plan will include the need for implementation of a fall risk assessment and fall precautions, barriers to change, factors influencing change and the readiness for change as well as resources available to support change. These changes will be implementing with the help of using, Kurt Lewin’s Change Plan Theory. Need for the Proposed Change A fall is defined as an event which there is a downward displacement of a patient’s body from a standing, sitting, or lying position that may result in injury (St Peter’s Hospital, 2012). St. Peter’s Hospital in Albany, New York, is one of the major acute care hospitals committed to promotion of patient safety. Acute care hospitals show that fall rates range from 1.3 to 8.9 falls/1,000 patient days and that higher rates occur in units that focus on eldercare, surgical, neurology and rehabilitation (â€Å"National Quality Measures Clearinghouse†, 2013). Due to the high number of patient falls and increased risk factors in the hospital it is imperative to have fall assessments and fall prevention standardized throughout the hospital. Patients’ will be provided an optimal safe environment during care based on the Environment Safety and Fall Prevention Policy and Procedure. Fall  prevention strategies are to be executed per standard of care and indivi dualized based on patient assessment within the patient plan of care. Certain patients are considered to be at a greater risk for falls. Factors such as patients who are 85 years old or older, osteoporosis, anticoagulants treatment, bleeding disorders and patients post-operative. Every patient who is admitted into the hospital is placed on universal fall precautions and nurses will further assess patients based on the Hendrich II Assessment Tool and Get-Up-and-Go Assessment. Patients are also reassessed every shift, with change in condition, after a transfer, and after a fall. The Hendrich II Fall Risk Model is used to assess a hospitalized patient’s risk of falling. Designed to be administered quickly, it focuses on eight independent risk factors: confusion, disorientation, and impulsivity, symptomatic depression, altered elimination, dizziness or vertigo, male sex, administration of antiepileptic (or changes in dosage or cessation), administration of benzodiazepines, and poor performance in rising from a seated position in the Get-Up-and-Go Assessment (Hendrich, MSN, RN, FAAN, 2007). Along with universal fall precautions, Hendrich assessment and Get-Up-and-Go Assessment, staff members should be monitoring their environment on an ongoing basis for situations that may lead to a fall, such as tubing and equipment posing as a tripping hazard. Staff members must be proactive with assisting patients with unsteady gait, need for assistive devise and patients with weakness to ensure safety. Once a patient is scored a fall risk, the nurse will initiates a fall prevention program and activate fall risk in patient’s plan of care. A yellow arm band is placed on the patient, special skid resistant slipper socks are provider to the patient and fall precaution sign is placed outside patient’s door and over the bed to ensure all staff members are aware of fall risk. Providing education on preventing falls to both family and patient, placing patients closer to the nurses’ station, providing bed alarms, sitters and hourly rounding are other measures to avoid falls. Patients who score five or greater are considered to be risk for falls and fall interventions will be initiated. Another safety measure important to prevention of falls is to include fall risks in all shift to shift reports. Barriers to Change St. Peter’s Hospital is an large organization specializing in Cardiac,  Hepatobiliary, Bariatric, Gastrointestinal and Orthopedic Surgeries. Being such a diverse large organization inconsistency throughout the hospital shows to be the major barrier to change. Other barriers are lack of employee involvement, lack of financial resources and poor communication. To overcome such barriers, an awareness of the need for an effectiveness of fall risk assessment and fall prevention program is essential. Employees, patient’s, and family members need to be aware of fall risks, fall precautions and the fall prevention program. Factors Influencing Change Increasing patient satisfaction and at the same time preventing and reducing the amount of falls on a daily basis is the key factor. Patient satisfaction is ultimately the driving force behind the changes in the hospital. If patients are not satisfied with care, they will go to another provider and thus the hospital will lose money. In order for St. Peter’s Hospital to remain ranked in the top 10 hospitals, they must ensure all patients are pleased and safe with their care. One way to make certain that the hospital patient safety increases is by implementing changes throughout the hospital to standardized the fall risk assessments and fall prevention program. In order to be successful with this change, regulatory changes will be necessary to be made in accordance with fall prevention. St. Peter’s Hospital is committed to patient’s safety and ensures all patients are provided with an optimal safe environment during care. Training is required for all employees to guarantee compliance and full understand of the fall prevention program. Evaluation of the program is another regulatory change that is necessary for the success of the program. Monitoring on a regular basis is required to determine effectiveness of program and deciding if changes should be made or modified. Factors Influencing Readiness for Change When organizational readiness for change is high, organizational members are more likely to initiate change, exert greater effort, exhibit greater persistence, and display more cooperative behavior (Weiner, 2009). Readiness requires both the capability to make change as well as the motivation to make the change. Readiness is contingent on several different factors throughout the hospital. Several factors for implementing the falls  risk assessment and fall prevention program is the high rate of falls throughout the hospital. Readiness is also determined by the financial stand point of the hospital. The hospital must be willing and able to devote extra funds to pay for increased amount of employee training and education. Theoretical Change Model: Kurt Lewin’s Change Theory Utilizing Kurt Lewin’s Change Theory can assist St. Peter’s Hospital to make the change, minimize disruption and assure that the change is adopted permanently. Lewin’s three step model of change are as follows: Unfreezing, Changing and Refreezing. Unfreezing is the readiness for change. During this phase St. Peter’s Hospital will prepare the hospital staff for the implementation of the falls risk assessment and falls prevention program. In order to prepare the hospital staff of the need for change, they must first provide information and research regarding the program and the benefits. Once unfreezing is complete, St. Peter’s Hospital would transition into the second phase known as, Change. Change is the actual implementation of the proposed change. In order to implement these changes, training will be provided and required for all employees to guarantee compliance and full understand of the fall prevention program. Evaluation and monitoring of the program will also be conducted during this phase to ensure compliance as well as understanding. Actually making the falls risk assessment and falls prevention program a permanent entity to the nursing assessment is the final stage of refreezing. During this stage, St. Peter’s Hospital will continue to offer education and support throughout the hospital to standardized the fall risk assessment and falls program. Recourses Available for Change It would be virtually nearly impossible to implement an successful change without having the necessary resources. In order to implement such a plan as the fall risk and fall prevention program, St. Peter’s Hospital must have a team of educated employees throughout the many disciplines and be able to train the remainder of the hospital with the new proposed changes. Education would be in the form of class room demonstrations, on the unit in-services in addition to hospital based website education. Finances is another major resource that is required for the change plan. Without the  proper means, the hospital is not able to pay the employees and implementation would not be in effect. Conclusion Patient education needs to be incorporated into the admission process and continue throughout the hospitalization stay. Education provides the patient with the knowledge of the importance of safety and what part he or she contributes in their care as well as risk factor identified. Fall prevention programs are designed to determine fall risk and prevention strategies while collaborating with the patient’s health care. Informing both the patient and the family will bring an understanding and mindfulness to fall prevention. Falls are devastating to both the patient and the hospital considering a single fall may result in a downward spiral of reduced mobility with a loss of function and further risk of falls. Along with proper education, fall risk assessments are vital to the fall prevention process. These fall risk assessment are implemented hospital wide and are conducted every shift, change in status, during transfers to different units and at discharge (St. Peter’s Hospital, 2012). Compliance and consistency reduces falls and the overall cost of falls throughout the hospital improving the care. References Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Falls Among Older Adults: An Overview. Retrieved from August 23, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/falls/adultfalls.html Currie, D.N. Sc, M.S.N., R.N., Leanne. (n.d. ). Fall and Prevention. Retrieved August 23, 2014, from http://ncbi.nlm.gov Hendrich, MSN, RN, FAAN, Ann. (2007, November). How to Try This† Predicting Falls. AJN, 107(11), 50 National Quality Measures Clearinghouse. (2013). Retrieved August 23, 2014, from http://www.qualitymeasures.ahrq.gov/content.aspx?id=36944 Environmental Safety and Fall Prevention. (2012). Retrieved August 23, 2014, from http://www.sphcs.org/environmentalsafetyandfallprevention.org Weiner, B. J. (2009, October). A Theory of Organizational Readiness for Change . Implementation Science, 4(67)

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

The activity of house construction involves many stages which are spread over many months. The case study example taken for the preparation of Gantt chart is selected as it involves various stages and there are many people involved in different activities. These activities are interdependent on the performance of various work groups and can get delayed if not planned and executed timely. Thus I present a Gantt Chart that will assist and ensure effective working in order to obtain the end result as planned. Explanation of Gantt Chart (refer appendix) The overall activity has been planned for a time span of 9 months. The activities have been classified as follows Excavation (A) : This is the first stage where excavation for the house columns needs to be carried out. The lead time for this activity is one month. This is a process which is labor intensive and needs to be completed as per the architectural drawing. Other activities cannot be started before ensuring accuracy of the excavation work as the structure cannot be modified if desired at a later stage. Hence activity B , RCC cannot start before 100 % completion of activity A. In case during this phase it is realized that any delays could be caused in reaching the first milestone then additional workforce or earth moving equipment needs to be outsourced. RCC (B) (Reinforced Cement Concrete) : The lead time for this activity is three months. Once excavation is complete the next stage is of RCC which involves making columns and beams of the house. Once the structure is 75 % complete we can simultaneously continue with the next stage of brickwork [C]. The achievement of this milestone will not hamper activity C but due caution has to be exercised that the activity gets completed by the fourth month form the project starting date as it is the start of activity D and E. Brickwork (C) Along with brickwork the other activities Electrical (D) and Plumbing (E) also need to be commenced upon the completion of stage B and 50 % of stage C as the electrical pipes and fittings need to be covered inside the walls. Similarly toilets and kitchen requires plumbing to be done simultaneously. If the activity deviates from its planned lead time of two months then activity D, E and F will need to be carried out at an increased pace than its actual to cover up for the lag time. Electrical (D)and Plumbing (E) These stages can be executed simultaneously as they are not interdependent on each other . Once these are complete we can move on to the next stage. Plastering (F) After completion of electrical and plumbing work we can start with the internal plastering activity. However external plastering can be carried out when 50 % of stage D and E are complete. This is the third milestone. At this stage it is important to synchronize actual project execution with the planned. Tiling (G) Once plastering is 100 % complete then we can move on to Tiling & Flooring work Painting (H) This is the final milestone to be executed after 100 % completion of activity G . Conclusion: Gantt chart gives a clear picture of the stages and helps in noticing any deviations and corrective steps can be implemented which in turn will not disrupt other schedules and help in achieving desired results in a cost effective and efficient manner. The case for buy Vs make is indeed a matter of individual capacities and judgment in the said example. By choosing to make as in the above case the maker gets freedom of choice and taste to suit his own needs. If activities are carried out with due diligence the project would be cost effective. Reference : Gantt Chart- Wikipedia, 19 October 2008, < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gantt_chart>

Mechanics of Grading Grading Systems

Mechanics of Grading Grading Systems Free Online Research Papers The subject of grading is rarely discussed among faculty members, except perhaps for the occasional debate about grade inflation. But many teachers privately confess that grading is one of the most difficult and least understood elements of their job. Often, professors have little confidence that their grading systems accurately discriminate between different levels of achievement and they differ widely on the components that should constitute a final grade. As a result, grading standards and criteria are so idiosyncratic that an â€Å"A† from one teacher may be the equivalent of a â€Å"C† from another. Part of the problem with grading arises from the fallibility of the tests and assignments used to measure student performance. The three previous FYC’s focused on ways to improve assessment techniques; in this article, we will survey several different methods for calculating final grades and point out their strengths and weaknesses. Grading and Feedback First, it helps to make a distinction between grading and other forms of feedback. A grade is a â€Å"certification of competence† that should reflect, as accurately as possible, a student’s performance in a course. If this goal is achieved, then grades will have the same value from semester to semester and from year to year. Trouble arises when we include grading components that are difficult to measure accurately (such as effort or participation) because these elements reduce the strength of the relationship between grades and academic achievement. Furthermore, when we use grades for reward or punishment, give extra credit for additional work, or grade on attendance, we contaminate the meaning of grades and reinforce the students’ belief that a course grade has less to do with academic performance than with fulfillment of arbitrary requirements. Of course, we must give students feedback in many of these areas of behavior, but using the grading system to convey this assessment is inappropriate. Moreover, we often complain that students are excessively grade-oriented, but by attaching a grade value to every aspect of student performance we actually reinforce our students’ preoccupation with grades. Teachers should avoid using grades as incentives for performance and seek out non-graded methods for motivating students. For example, verbal â€Å"rewards† in class, individual conferences, and written critiques can provide positive and negative feedback without contaminating the grading system. Elements of a Grading System A good grading system must meet three criteria: (1) it should accurately reflect differences in student performance, (2) it should be clear to students so they can chart their own progress, and (3) it should be fair. Performance can be defined either in relative or absolute terms (comparing students with each other or measuring their achievement against a set scale), and each system has its defenders. But whichever grading scheme you use, students should be able to calculate (at least roughly) how they are doing in the course at any point in the semester. Some relative grading schemes make it impossible for students to estimate their final grades because the cutoff points in the final distribution are not determined until the end of the course. A complete description of the grading system should appear in the course syllabus, including the amount of credit for each assignment, how the final grades will be calculated, and the grade equivalents for the final scores. Also, students should perceive the grading system as fair and equitable, rewarding them proportionately for their achievements. From the standpoint of measurement, many different kinds of assignments, spread over the entire semester provide a fairer estimate of student learning than one or two large tests or papers. Research Papers on The Mechanics of Grading Bionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Project Managment Office SystemHip-Hop is ArtThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeDefinition of Export QuotasNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceWhere Wild and West Meet

Risk management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Risk management - Assignment Example Therefore, in order to reduce the effects of risks so as to maintain the functioning of the organization in an effective way, risk management practices are extremely essential. It is because; it is the most synonyms term associated with each and every business organizations. What is risk management? Risk management is recognised as the process to identify, assess and control varied types of business risks by implementing various strategies and policies. However, in spite of implementation of varied types of strategies, some of the risks are entirely unpredictable in nature and so it’s beyond one’s control. Therefore, it might be stated that risks management is one of the most essential requirements of any organization, operating successfully or desiring to enter into a new foreign market. This paper is divided into four parts highlighting the significance of risk management processes. Along with this, it also describes about the most essential risk management decisions of an organization entering a foreign market. Side by side, it also describes the importance of direct costs and its benefits for an organization, while entering a new market. ... Side by side, any organization desiring to enter into a foreign market also tries to enhance its brand image and equity in the market among other contenders. However, prior entering any new foreign market, an organization desires to make an evaluation plan to analyse and identify the upcoming risks or challenges. It is done so that the members of the organization might plan for the strategies that might resolve those risks. Therefore, the risks that might be faced by an organization in entering a foreign market are described below- Political risks- this type of risks arises, when the government of a country suddenly changes its policies and strategies. However, such changes in the policies create high level of risks mainly for the new entrants (Khatta, 2008, pp. 457-469). This is because, as the organization newly entering a foreign market is entirely unaware about the policies and regulations so it affects negatively over its operations and functions. As a result, it reduces the tot al sale and profit margin of the organization among other contenders. Therefore, in order to stabilise the operations, management of the organization tried to implement the strategies according to the rules and regulations of that country (Tarantino, 2010, pp. 467-489). Legal risks- this type of risks arises due to changes in laws of the country such as tariffs and quotas etc. Due to which, it affects significantly on the operations and profit margin of a new entrant thereby declining its brand image and reputation in that market among others. Therefore, in order to cope up with such dilemma, the organization desires to enhance its profit margin and product lines to attract more customers. Social risks- the changes in the customer habits and preferences

Overview of the Television Show Glee Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Overview of the Television Show Glee - Essay Example The essay "Overview of the Television Show Glee" talks about a very popular television show ‘Glee’ that has been broadcast all over the world in the recent past; it speaks of a high school atmosphere with children belonging to different backgrounds, coming together to spread love through the gift of music. The children that belong to the Glee Club are not even accepted by the other students going to the school because they may not be as ‘popular’ or pretty as the others in order to be a part of the so-called ‘cool’ social scenes. This is a vast issue that has been affecting children not only across America but on a global basis, merely because peer pressure and social acceptance is something that children coming from different backgrounds and having different opinions have been facing for a long time. The main goal of this show has been spreading social justice among young adults and helping them understand that it is alright to accept different people into their groups. The show has also been able to do an excellent job by cultivating and displaying how its children and students are not able to love themselves and be truthful with themselves about how to deal with life. The first season is based on the social issue of teenage pregnancy and helps to portray how women are thought of when they are going through such problems. Quinn underwent a major amount of hardships when she was pregnant because at first, her fellow students did not support her decision of going ahead with having the baby.